ULA Launches Final Delta Rocket After 64 Years (389 Flights)!
ULA Launches Final Delta Rocket After 64 Years (389 Flights)!
A shift in the US’s approach to launching satellites, interplanetary missions, and spacecraft into Earth orbit was signaled by the launch of the final Delta rocket on Tuesday, April 9, following six decades of launches. And so, in today’s episode, let’s find out why United Launch Alliance (ULA) closed the Delta rocket program and the highlights of the Delta rockets.
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On Tuesday, United Launch Alliance’s Delta IV rocket carried out its last flight, the National Reconnaissance Office’s NROL-70 mission, with success. After a scrub on the first attempt more than a week ago, liftoff from SLC-37B at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station occurred at 12:53 PM EDT (17:53 UTC).
The Delta IV had its debut flight on November 20, 2002, and this launch is its 45th and last flight. It was one of two rockets created as part of the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program, which is now known as National Security Space Launch, or NSSL, together with the Atlas V. Delta IV was designed by McDonnell Douglas, which merged with Boeing in 1997.
Though Lockheed Martin developed and ran the Atlas, the two rockets were direct competitors in their early years, even though Delta IV and Atlas V are now stablemates at United Launch Alliance (ULA). When ULA was established in December 2006, the satellite launch operations of the two firms were combined into a new entity that would also sell its launches to the US government.
Designed to be a modular system, Delta IV may fly in multiple configurations dependent on mission needs. The system is centered around the common booster core (CBC), which serves as the rocket’s first stage. The most powerful variant of the rocket, Delta IV Heavy, which will be used for this mission, has three CBCs and a five-meter Delta cryogenic second stage (DCSS). The smallest configuration to fly, Delta IV Medium, comprised of a CBC and the four-meter diameter version of the Delta cryogenic second stage (DCSS).
Payloads too big for the Medium to handle but not requiring the heavy lifting capabilities of the Heavy were also transported using the intermediate Medium+(4,2), (5,2), and (5,4) configurations. The two numbers at the end of their name represented the upper stage’s diameter (four or five meters) and the number of GEM-60 solid rocket motors connected (two or four), which provided extra thrust during the initial stages of flight.
Having only been launched three times, the Delta IV Medium was last utilized in 2006. ULA began developing its next-generation Vulcan rocket in 2015, and as part of that effort, it announced plans to phase out the remaining members of the Delta IV family. The Medium+ configurations of the Vulcan rocket are expected to become obsolete in 2018, while the Heavy configuration will remain in use until the US Air Force is satisfied that another rocket can carry out the necessary missions. Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite was carried by the last Delta IV Medium+, which launched on August 22, 2019.
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